Industrial Services ET has an experienced industrial team of technicians that utilize specialized equipment to perform industrial cleaning, sludge removal, remedial system maintenance and waste disposal. Our industrial team is fully OSHA trained and certified in hazwoper, confined space, respiratory protection, personal protective equipment and asbestos, so we can handle complex projects safely and efficiently. Tank Cleaning Vacuum Truck Pumping Demolition Industrial Cleaning Tank Cleaning Vacuum Truck Pumping, Water Transportation and Disposal Spraying down Demolition Materials Released PCB containing Transformer Fluid

Published Articles Click any of the blue buttons below and scroll down to read our articles. Winter's the Best Season to Plan your Site Redevelopment's Environmental Work Winter’s a great time to consider your next redevelopment project, because there’s time to assess and design, obtain approvals and permits, get a grant and be first to hit the ground. Here are tips on what to plan for. ​ ​ ​ Vapor Intrusion in Commercial Property Acquisition and Development Savvy leaders and developers are familiar with performing environmental due diligence as part of acquiring commercial property, and the industry standard for due diligence is the Phase I Environmental Site Assessment (ESA). ​ ​ Brownfield Redevelopment has Risks - but also has Business Rewards From approximately 1988 to 1998, businesses that owned or operated petroleum underground storage tanks (USTs) were required to remove and/or upgrade their old tank systems to prevent environmental releases. ​ ​ Preliminary Assessments are Required to Address Renovation or Demolition Project Hazards If you’re planning to renovate or demolish a commercial or residential structure, specific preliminary assessments must be conducted to protect occupants and contractors - and protect you from personal liability. The three primary environmental building inspections include asbestos, lead-based paint and regulated waste. ​ Evaluate Key Criteria before Redeveloping a Brownfield Site In previous Duluthian “Environment” articles, I’ve explained why brownfield properties can be a benefit to developers looking for their next project. This articles focuses on evaluating a project or property to determine if the fit is right for your plans. ​ The Rehabilitation of a River The Knife River, about a 19-mile drive up the North Shore from Duluth, once held one of the largest populations of naturally-reproducing steelhead in the Great Lakes. However, since the early 1970s, the Knife River’s steelhead population has experienced a dramatic decline. One of the reasons for this decline is habitat loss. ​ Back to the top Back to the top Back to the top Back to the top Back to the top Back to the top

Placing Absorbant Boom Loading Stockpiled Soils Asbestos Re-Inspection – Spray-on Fireproofing Under a Drop Ceiling Placing Absorbant Boom 1/5 Services List of Environmental Services ​ ​ ​ 24-Hour Emergency Response ET is a 24-Hour emergency provider that provides consulting response and contracting services for a wide range of incidents involving releases of petroleum, PCBs, VOCs, heavy metals and asbestos. We routinely get called to mitigate releases at bulk fuel plants and terminals, gas stations, railroads, roadways, ditches and culverts, groundwater, potable water wells, lakes, rivers, wetlands, sewer systems, street vaults, greenspaces, industrial facilities, commercial buildings and homes. Read more. Site Investigation and Remediation When a leak or spill has occurred and cleanup is necessary, we have remediation experience to select the appropriate site-specific cleanup technology. For complex projects, we thoroughly evaluate site parameters and conduct feasibility studies to develop multiple remediation options based on technical and budgetary constraints. This allows you to select the remedial option to meets your needs. Read more. Due Diligence ET works with developers, attorneys, lenders and municipalities to facilitate property transactions and redevelopment of contaminated sites, including: Environmental Site Assessments (ESAs) Phase I ESAs Phase II ESAs Brownfields Redevelopment Clean Up Grant Assistance and Response Action Plans (RAPs)​ Read more. Regulatory Compliance ET has developed a process for reviewing commercial and industrial facilities to better manage regulatory compliance issues. The procedure involves an in-depth review and evaluation of current permits and compliance requirements and the development of a Compliance Management Program. ET also provides compliance audits that allow facilities to check their working compliance program. Read more. Environmental Construction Services A unique advantage of selecting ET as a teammate to work on your environmental project is our Design Build expertise. Our approach to contract projects is to provide a full turn-key service that performs both the contracting and consulting work simultaneously. Our inhouse team, utilizes specialized remediation equipment operated by highly skilled and trained personnel. Read more. Industrial Services ET has an experienced industrial team of technicians that utilize specialized equipment to perform industrial cleaning, sludge removal, remedial system maintenance and waste disposal. Our industrial team is fully OSHA trained and certified in hazwoper, confined space, respiratory protection, personal protective equipment and asbestos, so we can handle complex projects safely and efficiently. Read more. Stream Restoration Wetland Consulting Hazardous/Regulated Materials Extensive logging removed riparian trees throughout many watersheds, which has led to deteriorating streambanks, a discharge of sediment and impacts to the stream channel. This continuous watershed instability negatively effects water temperature, sediment load and fish habitat. ET utilizes a restoration approach called Natural Channel Design to restore critical stream parameters. ET’s Natural Channel Design approach includes the: Read more. Wetland regulations have recently become an obstacle for many developers, realtors and property owners who want to build on their property. Many of these parcels of property were not originally designated as wetlands when the property was originally purchased. Due to the heightened importance of wetlands, many properties have been re-evaluated and are now listed as containing a considerable of wetlands and cannot be filled without a permit. The wetland services ET offers are: Read more. Before any commercial property can be redeveloped, including remodeling and/or demolition, State Law requires an Asbestos Inspection and Hazardous and Regulated Waste Assessment. ET can perform these inspections / assessments and assist the developer in determining the cost to conduct asbestos abatement and property sorting and disposal of regulated wastes. Read more. Sonic Plus Water Treatment System COVID-19/Coronavirus Disinfecting The Sonic Plus is a portable standalone water treatment device that uses proven properties of sonication technology to enhance water quality and reduce aquatic toxicity. This technology restores unhealthy water bodies organically and holds the potential of replacing the current practice of using of harmful chemicals to treat and remediate water bodies where elevated blue green algae, fecal coliform or E. coli bacteria levels exist. Read more. Employers have been shut down for several months during the COVID-19 pandemic. As the economy starts to reopen and the second wave of infections are predicted, business sanitation to keep employees and customers safe is of paramount importance to all employers. To help business through these COVID-19 issues, Environmental Troubleshooters, Inc. (ET) is available to provide COVID-19 response services. Read more.

Hazardous/Regulated Materials Before any building can be redeveloped, including remodeling or demolished, an Asbestos Inspection and Hazardous and Regulated Waste Assessment must be conducted. ET can perform these inspections / assessments and assist the developer in determining the cost to conduct abatement. Asbestos Consulting Lead Based Paint Inspection Regulated Waste Asbestos Consulting ET’s asbestos services consist of inspecting, bulk sampling, patching and repairing, abatement designing, abatement monitoring, air sampling, employee training and record keeping. Our asbestos inspection services consist of 6-month periodic surveillances, annual damage assessments, accessible asbestos inspection and bulk sampling and demolition asbestos inspection and bulk sampling. All asbestos bulk samples are analyzed by an independent laboratory to avoid any conflicts of interest with the analysis. Asbestos abatement projects are designed using detailed work specifications. Each asbestos abatement project is bid out to obtain the best price for our clients. Our industrial hygienists closely oversee work practices to ensure proper removal procedures are followed. All projects are closely air monitored to ensure adjacent areas are not contaminated during abatement and abated spaces are cleared and safe to reoccupy. Asbestos Re-Inspection – Spray-on Fireproofing Under a Drop Ceiling Lead Based paint Inspection ET can assist clients by determining if a lead paint hazard exists in your building, facility or structure. We conduct lead inspections and collect samples to determine if a lead hazard is present and to what extent. If lead levels are above action level, we assist clients and contractors to comply with the lead in paint standards, so the project can move forward. Sampling Lead Based Paint with an XRF Regulated Waste Regulated wastes typically include commercial or household products that contain regulated chemicals, heavy metal containing products, treated woods, light ballasts, electronics, and white goods and must be removed and disposed of prior to demolition of a building. Commonly, observed regulated waste include household chemicals, paints, florescent light tubes, florescent light ballasts, lead acid batteries, mercury thermostats, green treated or creosote treated wood and electronic. ET assists clients by performing a pre-demolition assessment to determine if these and other hazardous/regulated products exist in a building. We compiled a list of observed wastes and remove the items from service. Finally, we look for recycling option to minimize disposal charges. Hazardous Waste

Due Diligence, Property Transactions, Mergers Acquisitions and Redevelopment Environmental Site Assessments Brownfields Redevelopment Site Closure Environmental Troubleshooters Inc. works with developers, attorneys, lenders and municipalities to facilitate property transactions and redevelopment of contaminated sites, including: Environmental Site Assessments (ESAs) Phase I ESAs Phase II ESAs Brownfields Redevelopment Clean Up Grant Assistance and Response Action Plans (RAPs) Sub-slab Vapor Mitigation Diagnostic Analysis and System Installation Contaminated Soil Excavation and Off-site Disposal Site Closure Negotiations and Regulatory Assurances Affidavits, No Further Action Letters and No Association Determinations Cost to Close Estimates / Diminution Valuation Environmental Site Assessment (ESA) Services ET performs Phase I ESA services to protect prospective property owners, developers and financial institutions from liability. Our ESAs are conducted in accordance with American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) standards and EPA's All Appropriate Inquiry Requirements. Supplemental services required under Housing and Urban Development (HUD) and the Small Business Administration (SBA) are also available. When a Phase I ESA identifies recognized environmental conditions (RECs), data gaps or business environmental risks at a site, ET performs a Phase II ESA to assess for the presence of contaminants, including the collection of soil, groundwater and soil vapor to determine the extent and to quantify the risk to the property and occupants. Burn Pit Brownfields Redevelopment and Clean Up Grant Assistance Brownfields are properties that are contaminated from historic uses. There are unique challenges to redeveloping brownfield sites, including reducing unknowns, cost control, and complying with environmental regulations while running an efficient construction project. State and federal grant funding may be available to assist with redevelopment, including vapor mitigation and contaminated soil management. ET has worked with municipalities and developers for over a decade to assist clients with obtaining state and federal brownfields grants. These grants benefit the community by redeveloping underutilized properties, reducing neighborhood blight, increasing property values and tax base and stimulating redevelopment to the surrounding area. Gander Mountain Brownfields Redevelopment - Before Site Closure Negotiations and Regulatory Assurances Regulatory protections are available for buyers, developers and lenders associated with brownfield properties. If these parties follow the proper due diligence path, they can be granted voluntary party status and receive regulatory No Further Action Letters, No Association Determinations and/or Off-site Source Determinations. These assurances program provide developers with a regulatory path to move forward, banks confidence to loan money and collateralize the site, and realtors the ability to market and sell the site. Many leak or spill sites that have been previously closed still remain contaminated. This residual site contamination may result in a decrease to the value of the property. ET routinely assists clients with determining the property value reductions at sites due to the presence of contamination.

Wetland Consulting Wetland regulations have recently become an obstacle for many developers, realtors and property owners who want to build on their property. Many of these parcels of property were not originally designated as wetlands when the property was originally purchased. Due to the heightened importance of wetlands, many properties have been re-evaluated and are now listed as containing considerable number of wetlands and cannot be filled without a permit. The wetland services ET offers are: Wetland Assessment Wetland Delineation Wetland Permitting Wetland Sequencing (Avoidance, Minimization and Replacement) Wetland Mitigation Plan Development Violation Compliance Wetland Construction Wetland Delineation Wetland Mitigation ET can assist the property owner by acting as an impartial third party for delineating the location, size and type of the wetlands on your property. Once the wetlands are delineated, a site map and final report are compiled outlining the vegetation type, soil classification, and groundwater depth discovered at the site. The report is reviewed with the client and options are presented which may allow the client to complete the project as inexpensively as possible. ​ Classifying Soils If wetlands impacts are necessary to complete the project, ET can assist client’s wetland sequencing and mitigation. This wetland mitigation process provides a replacement plan that locates suitable property for wetland replacement or a wetland mitigation bank in your Service Area. We also work closely with the state and local agencies to create a comfortable working relationship to streamline the review and approval projects, so the projects get permitted in a timely manner. Replacement Wetland, Year 1

News Click any of the sections below to view our news items. Stay tuned for future Environmental Troubleshooters updates! Press Releases Published Articles ET in the News Awards Employment Opportunities

Employment Opportunities If you are interested in working at Environmental Troubleshooters, email a cover letter and resume to cwilson@etsmn.com .

Press Releases ​ Visit this page every Monday for our weekly press releases. July 13 - Phase 5 of Knife River Restoration Project Environmental Troubleshooters, Inc. has been awarded the fifth Phase of the Knife River Restoration project. This project will stabilize streambanks, create spawning redds and improve trout rearing habitat in the lower 2,500 liner feet of Reach 4. The project also includes the survey of approximately 2 miles of stream between Lake County Highway 11 and Lake County Highway 9, the restoration design to stabilize an eroding streambank in Reach 13 and removal of flood debris from the Lower Knife River Falls and Cable Hole. July 3 - New Employee Emma Burgeson Emma Burgeson has joined Environmental Troubleshooters, Inc. as an environmental scientist and field technician. She graduated with her Bachelor of Science in Environmental Science from Western Washington University and her Master of Science in Water Resources Science from the University of Minnesota. She brings a background in ecology, hydrology, and geomorphology that will add to our stream restoration services. Additionally, Emma is an FAA licensed drone pilot and plans to use video and photogrammetry to monitor the extent of spills and aid in stream assessment surveying. April 21 - ET Wins Bid For Petroleum Soil Excavation Environmental Troubleshooters won the State of Minnesota bid for the Petroleum Soil Excavation at the former Jeff’s Super Service in Greenbush, Minnesota. The project scope of work includes the excavation of contaminated soil, the pumping of contaminated ground water, landfill disposal of petroleum contaminated soils and backfilling the excavation. March 30 - New Employee Brett Bjergo Brett Bjergo joined ET in February of 2020 as a field scientist. Mr. Bjergo received his Bachelors of Science degree in Geological Science and a minor in Environmental Science from the University of Minnesota – Duluth. His primary role is to conduct soil and groundwater sampling, perform Phase I and II assessments and respond to environmental emergencies. Mr. Bjergo’s previous work experience consists of disaster response, remediation and cleanup and preserving/restoring native prairies. January 26 - New Stream Project Environmental Troubleshooters was awarded the North Fork of the Zumbro River Channel Restoration project in January 2021. The project includes the excavation of 30,000 cubic yards of soil, placement of 400 cubic yards of rip rap, installation of 400 linear feet of toe wood, planting of 450 live willow stakes, construction of two instream riffle structure and the removal of a remnant dam. September 21 - New Boom and Skimmer The new Boom and Skimmer have arrived. Environmental Troubleshooters, Inc. has purchased 4,600 linear feet of Acme Containment Boom and a 36” Drum Skimmer. We are currently pursuing an OSRO with the Coast Guard to provide additional spill response resources to the Northland. September 7 - New Employee Camie Pederson Camie Pederson had 32 years of environmental safety experience prior to joining Environmental Troubleshooters. She is our primary emergency responder and project manager in the Twin Cities. Her emergency response experience ranges from small-scale petroleum dispenser spills to catastrophic tank/line failure involving the release of thousands of gallons of free petroleum product. August 31 - New Employee Brian Hayden Brian Hayden joined ET’s team in 2019 as a senior project manager. He has over 35 years of diverse environmental experience working in the consulting, governmental and private sectors. As an environmental geologist/hydrogeologist he has extensive background conducting site investigations and remediations, environmental site assessments, brownfield redevelopments, landfill permitting and closures and environmental compliance. Brian’s experience also includes 10 years as an Environmental Manager for a Class I railroad where he was responsible for environmental compliance and management of facilities located in Minnesota, Wisconsin, and Michigan. He specialties and expertise include emergency response and preparedness with having responded and managed small to national incidents. Brian’s able to assist ET clients with Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plans (SWPPPs), Spill Prevention, Countermeasures and Controls (SPCC) plans, emergency response planning and response management. August 24 - ET's New Equipment Environmental Troubleshooters has acquired new equipment. ET purchased an 80 BBL vacuum truck, as well as a brand new enclosed pressure washer trailer. The pressure washer trailer has hot, cold, and steam capabilities. ET has also acquired 4,600 feet of boom and a new skimmer. New Vaccuum Truck 1 New Vaccuum Truck 2 New Vaccuum Truck 4 New Vaccuum Truck 1 1/4 Pressure Washer Trailer 1 Pressure Washer Trailer 2 Pressure Washer Trailer 14 Pressure Washer Trailer 1 1/14 August 17 - ET's New Twin Cities Office Environmental Troubleshooters Inc. is excited to announce the opening of a new Twin Cities office. The office is staffed and ready to respond to your environmental needs, such as emergency response, industrial services, remediation, waste management, and vacuum truck transportation services. Please feel free to call us if you have any questions or need assistance.

Stream Restoration Extensive logging removed riparian trees throughout many watersheds, which has led to deteriorating streambanks, a discharge of sediment and impacts to the stream channel. This continuous watershed instability negatively effects water temperature, sediment load and fish habitat. ET utilizes a restoration approach called Natural Channel Design to restore critical stream parameters. ET’s Natural Channel Design approach includes: Assessment and surveying of the stream using Natural Channel Design methodology. Collection survey data and biological data necessary to complete project permit applications and design a rehabilitation project. Monitoring the water temperature to select project site(s). Designing a stream restoration project to restore watershed function and stability. Restore the stream channel’s shape, dimension and profile. Enhance instream trout habitat by strategically positioning large woody debris, rock vanes and “J” hooks into the channel. Reconnect the channel to the floodplain. Create new floodplain benches and wetlands to retain water on the landscape. Raise the groundwater table. Stabilize streambanks with use of Toe Wood/Root Wads. Rehabilitate the riparian overhead tree canopy with native vegetative species. Stream Surveying and Restoration Design Restoration Construction Stream Surveying and Restoration Design ET uses the science-based Natural Channel Design methodology to assess and survey impacted stream reaches. This assessment/surveys method collects data from the impacted stream reach and compares it to several stable stream sections. All survey work is performed using a geomorphic trained Stream Specialist. Our assessment data collects stream width to depth ratios, floodplain elevation, erosion calculations, longitudinal profile, cross-section elevation and vegetation cover. The survey data is entered into a specialized stream restoration computer-based program to create plans and specifications that will restore impacted stream features. These restoration plans create the basis for the construction project by depicting channel shape, size and dimension reconfiguration, placement of structures, streambed depth, streambank elevation and any stream channel realignment. Another advantage of using ET for stream project designs is our projects are created to be self-maintaining due to our understanding of precise streambank elevations, channel shape and sediment transport. When the Natural Channel Design projects are properly designed, it results in a stable channel, that transports sediment, with an abundance of instream woody debris that creates scour pools and retained spawning gravels. Identified an Eroding Streambank during the Rapid Stream Assessment Restoration Construction Restoration Construction ​ Historically large instream woody debris was prevalent in watersheds. This large wood created structure to the stream and created side channels, stabilize of banks, connected floodplains, retained spawning substrate and scoured sediment deposits. Today, much of this wood has been lost due to channelization and flooding, which has led to an increase in channel instability, bank erosion, and sediment discharge. To restore these stream impacts, ET imports large wood to rehabilitate the shape and pattern of the stream channel. Besides creating a stabilize and functioning channel, this substrate redirects current flow, creates deep scour pools, retains spawning gravels and stabilizes streambanks. This construction method that utilizes only natural materials, differs from traditional restoration methods that armor streambanks with riprap. The benefits of natural materials are the enhancement of instream habitat that support fish and a more aesthetic appeal. Placing Large Rock to Raise the Pool Height to allow for Easier Trout Passage

Sonic Plus Water Treatment System Restoring Water Quality in a Lake The Sonic Plus water treatment system is a proprietary, patent pending, portable standalone water treatment device that uses sonication technology to enhance water quality and reduce aquatic toxicity. This technology organically restores impacted water bodies and holds the potential of replacing the current practice of applying harmful chemical shock treatment to water. The Sonic Plus is a flow through device that recirculates water through the unit and discharges the treated water back into the soil, groundwater table or surface water body. This technology can be used to restore the water quality in lakes, streams, and ground water aquifers. During the past several years, the Sonic Plus has been demonstrated to reduce elevated levels of Cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) in surface water, conserve irrigation water usage, increase crop production, enhance livestock hydration, produce more farm animal offspring, increase milk quantity and quality, and improve the overall health to livestock. Agricultural Irrigation Surface Water Treatment Our patent pending Sonic Plus technology has been proven in the agricultural industry. Our initial agricultural application installed the Sonic Plus to a center pivot irrigator to conserve water usage. While this application was successful in conserving the amount of water pumped into the soil, we discovered the system also acted as a yield-enhancer for row crops. This system is now routinely used by many row crop farmers to cut their irrigation costs, while improving their crop yield per acre. The below picture tells the Sonic Plus story. Clean water irrigation technology not only conserves water but enhances row crop yield to improve the bottom line for farmers. Agricultural Irrigation Two neighboring fields: the field in the foreground used the Sonic Plus technology on a center pivot irrigator, while the field in the background (north of the road) used a standard center pivot irrigator. Note the improved health and growth rate of the crops by using Sonic Plus water enhancement. This agricultural technology is not just limited to the row crop farmer. Our technology has also been applied to livestock production. For many years, people have looked for a more natural or organic method of livestock production. Much of this organic movement has centered around the elimination of chemicals, additives and growth hormones to livestock and their food source. However, the water or hydration of the animal has been the forgotten factor. That is until now. For three years, the Sonic Plus has been installed into the water delivery system at a local diary. This system has provided a cleaner and more healthy water source for the dairy cows and the results are nothing short of astounding. The dairy saw improved health in every measurable category, birth rate, growth rate and milk production, etc. The table and graph below depict how cleaner and healthier hydration of milk cows translates to greater profitability for the dairy. Surface Water Treatment For the past 5 years, we have been using the Sonic Plus water treatment system for the restoration of surface waters that are impaired with Cyanobacteria or blue-green algae as it is commonly referred to. The Sonic Plus treatment system is suspended in the water column, so water can be continuously pumped through the proprietary sonic tube to generate sound frequencies. These sonic frequencies enhance the water’s natural physical properties and reacts as a catalyst throughout the water column to reduce toxic levels of blue-green algae. The Sonic Plus treatment system has demonstrated a significant reduction of blue-green algae in several popular recreation lakes, private ponds and decorative fountains. In the Summer of 2016 and 2017, the Sonic Plus water treatment system was placed in operation at the outlet of Lake Crystal. Below are the before and after photos of Minneopa Falls, which is approximately 12 miles downstream from the outlet of Lake Crystal. Note, the reduction of blue-green algae and the improved water clarity of the Minnopea Falls during the Sonic Plus operation period. 2016 Crystal Lake Recap and Minneopa Falls Historically Impaired Water, Minneopa Falls Pre-Sonic Plus Water Treatment System 2014 Lake Crystal Outlet Restored Water Quality, Minneopa Falls Post-Sonic Plus Water Treatment Project 2016-2017 in Lake Crystal Outlet Today our surface water restoration work is expanding. The implementation and application of this system continues to show positive results for multiple water quality parameters with direct evidence of suppression of cynobacteria levels and improvement in desired oxygen levels. The positive results of suppression of bacteria levels and improved oxygen levels also appears to effect: a reduction of invasive species, regeneration of native plants, increase in the population of desired game fish. Continued testing seems to confirm other water quality and environmental benefits from using this groundbreaking technology.

Site Investigation and Remediation Site Investigation Remediation Site Investigation Environmental Troubleshooters Inc. has a team of environmental scientists, geologists, and environmental professionals who have extensive experience designing work plans to investigate the release of hazardous chemicals and petroleum product. Our work plans determine the sampling strategy and drilling location/depth to adequately identify and delineate the magnitude and extent of a release. Our sampling strategies are based on our previous investigation knowledge and experience and we follow EPA requirements or state-specific guidance documents. Once a work plan is approved, we clear public and private utilities and advance soil borings, soil gas borings, sub-slab vapor points, test pits and/or utilize other investigative technologies (e.g. LIF borings, magnetometer surveys, etc.). Our standard soil sampling strategy includes collection of continuous sample cores to ensure no soil horizon is missed, and the use of dual-tube push probe sampling to provide accurate, discrete samples. ET personnel also have experience overseeing rotosonic, mud rotary, air rotary and bedrock coring drilling techniques. Borehole soil samples are typically collected at the highest photoionization detector (PID) value, highest x-ray fluorimeter (XRF) value, ground water table and/or bottom of the boring. Borehole water samples are typically collected using temporary wells to allow for sufficient ground water recharge providing adequate water volume for sample collection. Should permanent monitoring well be necessary, ET personnel install the wells according to state code with screened intervals in the saturated zone and adequate screen length to account for water table fluctuation when investigating petroleum or most-dissolved phase contaminants in shallow, unconfined aquifers. Deeper monitoring wells designed to assess dense non-aqueous phase liquids (DNAPL) are installed with submerged screens. ET follows strict boring and monitoring well decontamination procedures to ensure no cross-contamination exists during drilling and sample collection. Hollow Stem Auger Drilling in a Tank Containment Remediation When a leak or spill has occurred and cleanup is necessary, we have remediation experience to select the appropriate site-specific cleanup technology. For complex projects, we thoroughly evaluate site parameters and conduct feasibility studies to develop multiple remediation options based on technical and budgetary constraints. This allows you to select the remedial option to meet your needs. ET personnel have extensive experience with the most common remediation options which typically include excavation and/or vacuum pump truck extraction of fuel and contaminated groundwater. Excavation may be required to address recent leaks/spills, during tank removal, and/or to address surface contamination which poses a direct contact and runoff risk. Soil disposal options include composting/biopiling, thermal treatment, asphalt batch incorporation, landspreading/land treatment, stabilization, and landfilling. ET projects have included complex excavations near utility lines, building footings and within buildings. With the more recent establishment of vapor intrusion (VI) standards for residential and industrial/commercial buildings, the requirement for vapor mitigation in these structures is becoming more common. ET is a licensed vapor mitigation contractor and ET personnel have extensive experience installing effective sub-slab vapor mitigation systems. Suction pits are drilled through the slab floor and a vacuum is applied initially with a shop vac. Vacuum field extension is measured using a micromanometer and vapor pins installed through the slab in strategic locations. Permanent vacuum lines are then installed and connected to a radon-type blower. In some cases, remedial systems are the most effective cleanup technology. We have experience with multi-phase extraction, soil vapor extraction, air sparging, bioventing, and other remedial system technologies. ET has designed, installed and successfully operated remedial systems targeting petroleum and chlorinated solvent releases. To ensure we have selected the best approach we optimize our system design using advanced computer modeling and pilot testing. ET personnel have installed/operated remedial systems for emergency response work and standard remedial work at gas stations, industrial and commercial sites, and are familiar with permitting, air emission and water discharge requirements. Environmental Troubleshooters Inc. also has extensive remedial experience with bioremediation via compound injection, which may include oxygen-release compounds, emulsified vegetable oils, bacteria inocculum, and various other solutions. In some cases, bioremediation may involve application of bacteria directly to spill areas. ET personnel have also conducted projects where multiple injection points over large industrial and military projects are required, with use of temporary tanks, dosing pumps and injection via push probe and other technologies. SVE Pilot System